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The Colonial Economy of New Spain
Jeremy Baskes
For three centuries New Spain was one of the great jewels of Spain’s colonial empire, producing wealth for immigrants and the Crown. The brunt of the labor was performed by indigenous ...
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Lucas Alamán and 19th-Century Monarchism in Mexico
Miguel Soto
When Mexico became independent in 1821, the first choice for a political system for the new country was a monarchy. In fact, the Plan of Iguala, which prompted the separation from Spain, ...
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Mexico in Spain’s Oceanic Empire, 1519–1821
Christoph Rosenmüller
On August 13, 1521, the Spanish conquistadors and their native allies seized Tenochtitlan, the capital of the Aztec empire. The Spaniards succeeded because they had forged alliances with ...
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The Mexico that Spain Encountered
Susan Schroeder
The Spaniards had little idea of what to expect when they set foot in North America. Mexico, as the region is known today, was in the 16th century a vast territory with a grand history. ...
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Rural Indians and Technological Innovation, From the Chinampas of Xochimilco and Beyond
Richard Conway
When the anthropologist Paul Kirchhoff proposed a new definition of Mesoamerica in a landmark study from 1943, the first common characteristics he identified were technological and ...
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Social Organization of Colonial Mexico
Tatiana Seijas
This is an advance summary of a forthcoming article in the Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Latin American History. Please check back later for the full article.
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U.S. Foreign Policy toward Latin America in the 19th Century
Brian Loveman
U.S. foreign policy toward Latin America in the 19th century initially focused on excluding or limiting the military and economic influence of European powers, territorial expansion, and ...
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